Meaning Making Model by Crystal Park and Susan Folkman
Keywords:
illness, meaning, coping, stressAbstract
The aim of this study is to present the Meaning Making Model developed by Crystal Park and Susan Folkman, which complements Richard Lasarus’ and Susan Folkman’s transactional theory of stress. This article familiarises the reader with basic premises of the model. The initial assumption concerns the relation between the understanding of the current difficult situation, which the individual needs to confront, and that person’s general understanding of his or her own life. In the opinion of the authors, the dissonance between the understanding of a specific situation and the understanding of life as a whole is a source of substantial stress. On the other hand, cognitive operations enabling adjustment of these two images reduce that stress. Consequently, the discussed model identifies a particular method of stress management, namely meaning-focused coping, or MFC. The article outlines the elements of this model, as well as conclusions drawn from its premises.References
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Folkman, S. (2008). The case for positive emotions in the stress process. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 21, 3-14.
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Park, C. (2010). Making sense of meaning literature: An integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 257-301.
Park, C. (2011). Implicit Religion and the Meaning Making Model. Implicit Religion, 14, 405-419.
Park, C., Ai, A. L. (2006). Meaning making and growth: new directions for research on survivors of trauma. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 11, 389-407.
Park, C., Edmondson, D., Blank, T. (2009). Religious and non-religious pathways to stress-related growth in cancer survivors. Applied Psychology: Health & Well-Being, 1, 321-335.
Park, C., Edmondson, D., Fenster, J., Blank, T. (2008). Meaning making and psychological adjustment following cancer: The mediating roles of growth, life meaning, and restored just world beliefs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 863-875.
Park, C., Folkman, S. (1997). Meaning in the context of stress and coping. Review of General Psychology, 1, 115-144.
Park, C., Folkman, S., Bostom, A. (2001). Appraisals of controllability and coping in caregivers and HIV + men: Testing the goodness-of-fit hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 481-488.
Parkes, C. M. (1975). What becomes of redundant word models? A contribution to the study of adaptation to change. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 131-137.
Sęk, H. (2007). Wprowadzenie do psychologii klinicznej. Warszawa: Wydaw. Nauk. Scholar.
Skaggs, B., Barron, C. (2006). Searching for meaning in negative events: concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 53, 559-570.
Taylor, S. E. (1983). Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation. American Psychologist, 3, 1161-1173.
Thompson, S., Janigian, A. (1988). Life schemes: A framework for understanding the search for meaning. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 7, 260-280.
Yalom, I.(2008). Psychoterapia egzystencjalna. Warszawa: Instytut Psychologii Zdrowia.
Yalom, I., Lieberman, M. (1991). Bereavement and heightened existential awareness. Psychiatry, 54, 334-345.
Antonovsky, A. (2005). Rozwikłanie tajemnicy zdrowia. Warszawa: Instytut Psychiatrii i Neurologii.
Baumeister, R. F. (1991). Meanings in life. New York: The Guilford Press.
Butler, L. D. (2007). Growing Pains: Commentary on the Field of Posttraumatic Growth and Hobfoll and Colleagues’ Recent Contributions to it. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 56, 367-378.
Davis, C. G., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Larson, J. (1998). Making sense of loss and benefiting from the experience: Two construals of meaning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 561-574.
Davis, C. G, Wortman, C., Lehman, B. R., Silver, R. C. (2000). Searching for meaning in loss: Are clinical assumptions correct? Death Studies, 24, 497-540.
Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A. (1990). Multidimensional assessment of coping: A critical evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 844-854.
Epstein, S., (1990). Cognitive-experiential self-theory. W: L. A. Pervin (red.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (s. 165-192). New York: Guilford Press.
Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. New York: Row Peterson.
Folkman, S. (2008). The case for positive emotions in the stress process. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 21, 3-14.
Frankl, V. (2010). Wola sensu. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Czarna Owca.
Heszen-Niejodek, I. (2005). Teoria stresu psychologicznego i radzenia sobie. W: J. Strelau (red.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki. T. 3. (s. 465-492). Gdańsk: GWP.
Janoff-Bulman, R. (1989). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: applications of the schema construct. Social Cognition, 2, 113-136.
Kelly, G. A. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton.
Klamut, R. (2010). Kwestionariusz Postaw Życiowych. Podręcznik do polskiej adaptacji kwestionariusza Life Attitude Profile - revised (LAP-R) Gary’ego T. Rekera. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych.
Klinger, E. (1977). Meaning and void: Inner experience and the incentives in people’s lives. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Kubacka-Jasiecka, D. (2010). Interwencja kryzysowa. Pomoc w kryzysach psychologicznych. Warszawa: Wydaw. Akademickie i Profesjonalne.
Lazarus, R. S. (1966). Psychological stress and the coping process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Lazarus, R. S., DeLongis, A. (1983). Psychological stress and coping in aging. American Psychologist, 38, 245-254.
Lazarus, R. S., Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
Lifton, R. J. (1967). Death in life: Survivors of Hiroshima. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Moos, R. H., Scheafer, J. A. (1968). The Crisis of Physical Illness, An Overview and Conceptual Approach. W: R. H. Moos (red.), Coping with Physical Illness. 2 New Perspectives. (s. 3-25). New York: Plenum Medical Publishing Corporation.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Larson, J. (1999). Coping with loss. New York: Erlbaum.
Park, C. (2010). Making sense of meaning literature: An integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 257-301.
Park, C. (2011). Implicit Religion and the Meaning Making Model. Implicit Religion, 14, 405-419.
Park, C., Ai, A. L. (2006). Meaning making and growth: new directions for research on survivors of trauma. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 11, 389-407.
Park, C., Edmondson, D., Blank, T. (2009). Religious and non-religious pathways to stress-related growth in cancer survivors. Applied Psychology: Health & Well-Being, 1, 321-335.
Park, C., Edmondson, D., Fenster, J., Blank, T. (2008). Meaning making and psychological adjustment following cancer: The mediating roles of growth, life meaning, and restored just world beliefs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 863-875.
Park, C., Folkman, S. (1997). Meaning in the context of stress and coping. Review of General Psychology, 1, 115-144.
Park, C., Folkman, S., Bostom, A. (2001). Appraisals of controllability and coping in caregivers and HIV + men: Testing the goodness-of-fit hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 481-488.
Parkes, C. M. (1975). What becomes of redundant word models? A contribution to the study of adaptation to change. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 131-137.
Sęk, H. (2007). Wprowadzenie do psychologii klinicznej. Warszawa: Wydaw. Nauk. Scholar.
Skaggs, B., Barron, C. (2006). Searching for meaning in negative events: concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 53, 559-570.
Taylor, S. E. (1983). Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation. American Psychologist, 3, 1161-1173.
Thompson, S., Janigian, A. (1988). Life schemes: A framework for understanding the search for meaning. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 7, 260-280.
Yalom, I.(2008). Psychoterapia egzystencjalna. Warszawa: Instytut Psychologii Zdrowia.
Yalom, I., Lieberman, M. (1991). Bereavement and heightened existential awareness. Psychiatry, 54, 334-345.
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Published
2014-12-01
How to Cite
Załuski, M., & Motyka, M. (2014). Meaning Making Model by Crystal Park and Susan Folkman. Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Psychologica, 7(1), 103–114. Retrieved from https://studia-psychologica.uken.krakow.pl/article/view/5605
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